太奇名師齊轍解析2015年聯(lián)考英語(二)閱讀理解(2)

2014-12-29 16:12 | 太奇MBA網(wǎng)

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　　For years, studies have found that first-generation collage students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created "a paradox" in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has "continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close" an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.

　　But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.

　　The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree.

　　Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.

　　Many first-generation students "struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the 'rules of the game,' and take advantage of colleges resources,” they write, And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don't talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students."Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students' educational experiences, many first-generation students lack insight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students "like them' can improve."

　　選項與解析：

　　26. Recruiting more first-generation students has .

　　原文定位：But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created 'a paradox' in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has 'continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close' an achievement gap based on social class 又是一道綜合細(xì)節(jié)題。原文說原來的目標(biāo)是希望能讓屌絲逆襲，但事與愿違。所以選沒能夠達(dá)成預(yù)期目標(biāo)。這道題出得點贊。

　　[A] reduced their dropout rates—無關(guān)

　　[B] narrowed the achievement gap—相悖

　　[C] depressed college students—無關(guān)

　　[D] missed its original purpose

　　27. The authors of the research article are optimistic because .

　　原文定位：But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem 原文說為什么樂觀，因為為解決這個問題提供了一種潛在的可能。對應(yīng)了答案的這個問題能被解決。我又要矯情了，這個答案并不好，和原文的重合度不是那么高。如果我給答案，答案會是：addressing the problem shows promise.

　　[A] their findings appeal to students—無關(guān)

　　[B] the recruiting rate has increased—無關(guān)

　　[C] the problem is solvable

　　[D] their approach is costless—無關(guān)

　　28. The study suggests that most first-generation students .

　　原文定位：Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need 純細(xì)節(jié)題，沒什么好說，送分沒商量。

　　[A] study at private universities—無關(guān)

　　[B] are from single-parent families—無關(guān)

　　[C] are in need of financial support

　　[D] have failed their college—無關(guān)

　　29. The authors of the paper believe that first-generation students .

　　原文定位：first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students 純細(xì)節(jié)題，原文的deal with換成了答案中的handling, issues沒變，其實可以變成problems. 送分題，拿下。

　　[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap—無關(guān)

　　[B] can have a potential influence on other students—無關(guān)

　　[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects—無關(guān)

　　[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college

　　30. We may infer from the last paragraph that .

　　原文定位：And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don't talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students. “Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students' educational experiences 典型先果后因，言下之意是現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)這種情況，恰恰是大學(xué)應(yīng)該部分上負(fù)起責(zé)任。這道題證明了我一直強(qiáng)調(diào)的真實考試時復(fù)雜推斷A—B, 簡單推斷偏細(xì)節(jié)的原則是靠譜的。

　　[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class—推不出

　　[B] colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

　　[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences—推不出

　　[D] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources—推不出

　　總結(jié)：這篇文章是有點心理學(xué)意思的簡化版學(xué)術(shù)論文。難度遠(yuǎn)低于2011、2012、2013和2014年初第二篇。這篇文章，應(yīng)該位于整套題第一篇文章的位置。